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Jumat, 21 Februari 2014

The Kepler telescope has changed how see ourselves in the Universe onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

Written By 12; About: The Kepler telescope has changed how see ourselves in the Universe onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com on Jumat, 21 Februari 2014

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com The Kepler telescope has changed how see ourselves in the Universe

Twenty years ago, we didn't know if there were any planets orbiting stars other than our own. Today, it's estimated that each of the roughly 100-billion stars in our galaxy has, on average, 1.6 planets orbiting around it, as this video from astronomers and science-communicators Tony Darnell and Scott Lewis explains.


Did we mention that one in five of the sun-like stars in the Milky Way is theorized to be orbited by potentially habitable, Earth-like worlds? That puts the number of potentially habitable, Earth-size worlds in the Milky way at a conservative estimate of two-billion. How's that for a sense of perspective on one's place in the Cosmos?


[Via Universe Today]


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com The Kepler telescope has changed how see ourselves in the Universe

The best internet ideas for True Detective season 2's new cast onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com The best internet ideas for True Detective season 2's new cast

The best internet ideas for True Detective season 2's new cast S


When the second season of True Detective starts, there won't just be a new case, there'll be a new cast as well. What if the internet was allowed to cast the two new partners of True Detective season 2? And thus the meme #truedetectiveseason2 was born. Here are a few of our favorite pairings.


And now we leave it in your hands. Can you top these?


















onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com The best internet ideas for True Detective season 2's new cast

Why the Brains of Dogs and Humans Are More Similar Than You Think onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Why the Brains of Dogs and Humans Are More Similar Than You Think

Why the Brains of Dogs and Humans Are More Similar Than You Think S


As any dedicated dog owner will tell you, canines often appear to grasp the emotional content of what's being said to them. An unprecedented brain scanning study now shows this is likely true — and that this capability pre-dates domestication.


This is not the first time dogs have been studied in an MRI scanner. Last year, neuroeconomics professor Gregory Burns analyzed the canine caudate nucleus — a key brain region shared by humans and dogs, and one that's associated with the anticipation of things we enjoy, like food, love, and material things. Burns's scans led him to conclude that dogs are as conscious as human children.


Other studies have demonstrated the emotional richness of the canine inner life. Dogs can express their emotions through tail wagging (dogs wag to the right when they're happy, and to the left when they're stressed or anxious), and they also respond emotionally to the tail wagging of other dogs. On the other side of things, studies have also shown that humans can distinguish between a dog's happy and sad barks.


Now, we know that dogs can understand language. But what's a bit uncertain, apart from what we see in behavioral studies, is whether or not dogs can comprehend the underlying emotional tone of what's being said to them. An experiment conducted by lead researcher Attila Andics from the Hungarian Academy of Science's Eotvos Lorand University in Budapest sought an answer to that very question.


11 Dogs, 22 Humans, and 200 Sounds


The new study, the details of which now appear in Current Biology, is the first to perform a comparative neurological analysis of humans and a non-primate species. After extensive training (12 sessions) and a generous diet of positive reinforcement, 11 dogs were readied for the experiment. The dogs were trained to lie completely still for as long as eight minutes at a time (subjects must remain completely motionless in an MRI scanner for it to work properly). The dogs were given headphones to both muffle the loud, whining noises emanating from the scanner (it can reach 95 decibels), and to provide the 200 individual sounds required for the experiment.


Why the Brains of Dogs and Humans Are More Similar Than You Think S


Photo: Eniko Kubinyi.


The sounds were used to tickle parts of the dogs' auditory cortex — the part of the brain responsible for processing acoustic information. Various sounds included environmental noises, like car sounds and whistles, human sounds (but not words), and dog vocalizations (like barking and growling).


Likewise, 22 humans were brain scanned as they listened to the exact same sounds.


The Temporal Pole


Analysis of the scans showed that the temporal pole (a.k.a. Brodmann area 38) — the most anterior region of the temporal lobe — lit up when both dogs and humans heard human voices.


Why the Brains of Dogs and Humans Are More Similar Than You Think


This part of the brain — previously thought unique to humans — is thought to process incoming sounds, giving rise to emotional responses. In humans, this area becomes active when voices are heard. But now it appears that it becomes active in dogs as well — the first time scientists have observed this in a non-primate.


At the same time, emotional human sounds, like crying and laughing, activated an area near the primary auditory cortex in both species. Emotionally charged dog vocalizations (such as whimpering or angry barking) caused similar reactions among all volunteers.


Tuning Into Feelings


The results of this study strongly suggest that dogs are very good at tuning into the feelings of their owners. That said, dogs reacted more strongly to canine sounds than human sounds, and they paid more attention to extraneous noises (like the environmental sounds). In fact, about half of the entire auditory cortex lit up in dogs when listening to these sounds, compared to just 3% of the same area in humans. This could mean one of two things, or both — that dogs are less "hardwired" to process human sounds, or that humans are more inclined to process human vocalizations while selectively disregarding peripheral auditory information (also, humans are more "trained" and accustomed to these noises; we don't get as excited or nervous about them as dogs do).


From an evolutionary perspective, the authors write that, "Although parallel evolution cannot be excluded, our findings suggest that voice areas may have a more ancient evolutionary origin than previously known." So, it's possible that dogs and humans, over the course of the past 18,000-to-32,000 years, have been evolving together, and that's why dogs (in particular) are capable of processing the emotions embedded within human vocalizations. But, given that these parts of the brain are far more ancient than that, it's more likely that they emerged in a common ancestor. The researchers speculate that they likely evolved at least 100 million years ago, when humans and dogs last shared a common ancestor — an insectivore.


Read the entire study at Current Biology: "Voice-Sensitive Regions in the Dog and Human Brain Are Revealed by Comparative fMRI."


Image: Borbala Ferenczy.

Follow me on Twitter: @dvorsky


Related: Dogs align their bodies along a North-South axis when they poop | A fascinating difference between pet dogs and tame wolves


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Why the Brains of Dogs and Humans Are More Similar Than You Think

Are Fanboys Over? onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Are Fanboys Over?

Are Fanboys Over?


Something I've been wondering about for a while: Does the mainstream success of superhero movies, as well as genre entertainment in general, mean that fanboy opprobrium is pretty much a spent force?


There was a time back in the '90s and early '00s when fan reaction was, if ultimately irrelevant to the success or failure of a particular movie, still considered by the mainstream media to be a valuable index of a movie's cultural impact. Batman & Robin was ridiculed roundly in the fan press months before its premiere; the negative advance publicity stirred up by sites like Harry Knowles' then-fledgling Ain't It Cool News was considered to be a major factor in the movie's disappointing box office. The Phantom Menace was the biggest hit of 1999, and had a very high Cinemascore rating from moviegoers, but today it's remembered as a movie that everybody hated, due in large part to fans who despised Jar Jar and Jake Lloyd's acting. The Matrix received rapturous praise from fans who enjoyed the kung-fu cyberpunk action and meticulously developed future setting; the goodwill quickly ran out with the two sequels, which are considered by most people to be total failures, even though they collectively earned a billion dollars worldwide. Lost and Battlestar Galactica were much-loved, insanely popular series, followed by legions of viewers who pored over every detail, but thanks to abysmal finales they are effectively dead in the minds not just of those obsessive fans, but everybody else as well.


Flash-forward to the present and there's still plenty of contention among hardcore fanboys about movies based on comics, et al., but the controversies tend to be non-starters, like the casting of Idris Elba as Heimdall, or Tauriel in the Hobbit movies. (Remember, Peter Jackson actually filmed scenes of Arwen fighting at Helm's Deep for Two Towers, but cut them for fear of fan backlash.) J.J. Abrams made a couple of Star Trek movies that Trekkers vociferously despised; they made a ton of money, though, and now he has the keys to the Star Wars franchise. The latest non-starter is probably the casting in the new Fantastic Four movie, though this seems to be generating very little controversy. Make no mistake, there probably are fans who hate the idea of Jamie Bell as Ben Grimm, or, more discomfortingly, Michael B. Jordan as Johnny Storm. But the media doesn't seem to be courting them as aggressively as they would have in the early days of the Internet Flame Wars. Hell, even M. Night Shyamalan can keep making shitty adaptations of beloved anime classics — dude is fireproof, European Pacing and all.


My theory, then, is this: Fanboys aren't going anywhere, but they are no longer seen as the keepers of the lore. Everybody and their mom has seen Iron Man 3 and The Avengers, so even regular people know who Tony Stark, Loki, and Steve Rogers are. Plenty of people know that if you compare a business meeting to "the Red Wedding," it probably was an uncomfortable affair. You can probably even get away with Watchmen jokes now, this stuff is so ubiquitous. Where fanboys' opinions were once seen as authoritative, in a weird, esoteric fashion, now they're just mere consumers like the rest of us. And as much as they might rage about changes made to their favorite characters, like the portrayal of Superman in Man of Steel, or the casting of Affleck as Batman in the sequel/JLA spinoff/whatever, it's not going to have much of an impact on the public perception of such things, because now the public has its very fine opinions about the same things as well.


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Are Fanboys Over?

This pulsar got slammed by a billion-ton asteroid onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com This pulsar got slammed by a billion-ton asteroid

This pulsar got slammed by a billion-ton asteroid S


You know when you're having a bad day when you get hit by a billion-ton asteroid. But for a pulsar 37,000 light-years away, it's just a another day at the office. And besides, PSR J0738-4042 has an uber-powerful X-ray blaster to deal with errant space rocks.


Image: An artistic impression of an asteroid getting blasted by the powerful X-rays from a pulsar, turning it into energized particles that interact with the pulsar's magnetic field. NASA/JPL-CALTECH.


Astronomers of Australia's Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) made the pulsar-pounding, asteroid-zapping discovery while using the Parkes Telescope to study the dusty, high-radiation environment surrounding the tiny spinning husk of the dead star. Pulsars are spinning compact stellar objects known as neutron stars that generate powerful beams of radiation from their intensely magnetized poles that, if aligned correctly with Earth, can be observed as ultra-precise radio pulses.


Pulsars are considered the most precise "clocks" in the universe, but if a pulsar's pulse timings abruptly change, a cataclysmic event likely occurred.


In the case of PSR J0738-4042, the CSIRO astronomers noticed weird changes in the pulsar's timing and its characteristic pulse, signals that the researchers have attributed to multiple asteroid hits.


"One of these rocks seems to have had a mass of about a billion tons," said CSIRO astronomer Ryan Shannon in a press release.


In 2008, Shannon theorized that should a large rocky object, like an asteroid or even a small planet, collide with a pulsar, the pulsar will react in a very precise way; now it seems PSR J0738-4042 has become the prime candidate as observational evidence for this theory. The time of the pulse has lengthened and the radio signal received by Parkes has changed.


"We think the pulsar's radio beam zaps the asteroid, vaporizing it. But the vaporized particles are electrically charged and they slightly alter the process that creates the pulsar's beam," said Shannon. The electrically charged particles interact with the pulsar's magnetic field, like a magnetic blender, generating energy, sapping some of the pulsar's angular momentum. This has a drag effect, slowing the spin rate. However, once all the ionized material has been converted to energy, the pulsar is expected to return to its pre-asteroid strike spin rate.


It is thought that the surrounding asteroids originated from the star that exploded to form the pulsar. The pulsar is a byproduct of a supernova, but before the star went supernova, it formed a system of rocky bodies, such as the billion ton asteroid and, possibly, planets.


This asteroid-vaporizing event is exciting in that it proves that rocky debris that formed before the star went supernova persisted after the star's death, forming a debris disk around PSR J0738-4042. It's possible that the surviving debris disk could be rejuvenated, spawning the agglomeration of larger and larger objects, potentially forming new planets.


The discovery of asteroid vaporization events close to PSR J0738-4042 is an interesting development in the study of disks surrounding pulsars. For example, another pulsar, J0146+61, has been found to be sporting a dusty debris disk and, in 1992, two planet-sized objects were discovered orbiting pulsar PSR 1257+12.


"This sort of dust disk could provide the 'seeds' that grow into larger asteroids," said Ph.D. student Paul Brook, of the University of Oxford and CSIRO who led the PSR J0738-4042 study.


This research has been published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters.


This article originally appeared at Discovery News.


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com This pulsar got slammed by a billion-ton asteroid

Numenera Bestiary unleashes the bizarre beasts of the Ninth World onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Numenera Bestiary unleashes the bizarre beasts of the Ninth World

Numenera Bestiary unleashes the bizarre beasts of the Ninth World S


Far-future science fantasy RPG Numenera got a lot weirder with the release of the Numenera Bestiary, a collection of mutants, other-dimensional intruders, aliens and even stranger things. Check out the weirdness in this incredible art gallery.


Top image: Nibovian Companion by Kieran Yanner


Creature catalogs are usually my favorite part of any RPG, and Numenera is no exception. This book of monsters is particularly excellent because the things within it are truly bizarre. You won't find seven variations on dragons in different colors or other standard fantasy monster tropes. The Numenera Bestiary is All Weird, All the Time. (Fun fact: I've been calling books like this "beast-iary" for years, but apparently that's incorrect). These creatures are truly imagination-bending, and the art is relentlessly stunning, which is why we've got a gorgeous gallery of Bestiary art below.


That's not all that's been happening at Monte Cook Games lately. They've also released a Creature Deck, 100 cards that allow the GM to draw a random creature for a given encounter, providing basic stats and a full-color image of the creature to show your players. They also recently announced the Numenera Character Options book, due out in May. This book will provide more descriptors, including negative ones (like dishonorable), really opening up the creative possibilities of character creation.


Several "glimmers" (short modular extentions of the Numenera rules or setting of a dozen or so pages) have also been released, including Artifacts & Oddities and In Strange Aeons, a guide to adding Lovecraftian horror to your Numenera campaign.


The most recent glimmer, Love & Sex in the Ninth World, is especially interesting. RPGs have always had a tough time handling romance and sex. When they handle it at all, it's usually with a lot of giggling (I have a firsthand report that a common rite of passage for new editors at Wizards of the Coast headquarters is to make them retrieve the Book of Erotic Fantasy from the RPG library, which is situated in a highly visible area).


Love & Sex, by Shanna Germain, generally takes a more serious angle on the topic. The bulk of it outlines general sexual attitudes and practices in the Ninth World, such as sexual religious rites, various forms of prostitution, or unusual wedding ceremonies. It's a bit of a sexual utopia, since Ninth Worlders seem to have more pressing matters to deal with than judging people for their gender or orientation. It includes tips for GMs for tackling sensitive topics in an RPG. It isn't all serious, as some of the artifacts and oddities show a sly humor (magic bondage rope and a glass rod that "stays cold no matter the surrounding temperature," for instance). I'd have liked to see some more specific examples of unique ways romance and lust play out in the Ninth World, but Love & Sex definitely offers good information and a new way to approach mature topics in a Numenera campaign.


Numenera Bestiary unleashes the bizarre beasts of the Ninth World S


A size comparison chart of all the creatures, via Monte Cook Games


Numenera Bestiary unleashes the bizarre beasts of the Ninth World S


Bellowheart by Guido Kuip.


Numenera Bestiary unleashes the bizarre beasts of the Ninth World S


Decanted by Ben Wootten.


Numenera Bestiary unleashes the bizarre beasts of the Ninth World S


Ellnoica by Mark Bulahao.


Numenera Bestiary unleashes the bizarre beasts of the Ninth World S


Kalyptein Crab by Guido Kuip.


Numenera Bestiary unleashes the bizarre beasts of the Ninth World S


Plasmar by Jason Engle.


Numenera Bestiary unleashes the bizarre beasts of the Ninth World S


Nychtheremon by Scott Purdy.


Numenera Bestiary unleashes the bizarre beasts of the Ninth World S


Slidikin by Ben Wootten.


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Numenera Bestiary unleashes the bizarre beasts of the Ninth World

Meet the four directors being tapped to direct the Dr. Strange movie onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Meet the four directors being tapped to direct the Dr. Strange movie

Meet the four directors being tapped to direct the Dr. Strange movie S


Looks like the Dr. Strange movie has gone a future possibility to a definite addition to Marvel's cinematic slate. THR is reporting that Marvelis considering four potential directors for the film, all of whom seemingly have nothing in common with each other.


The four directors are:


• Mark Andrews, who co-directed and co-wrote Brave


• Jonathan Levine, who directed 50/50 and Warm Bodies


• Nikolaj Arcel, who wrote the screenplay for the original The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo and directed the foreign film A Royal Affair


• Dean Israelite, who directed the upcoming time travel flick Welcome to Yesterday and that's pretty much it


That's quite the disparate group. Seeing as two of the candidates are practically unknowns, it's impossible to say if there'e a frontrunner right now, or who might be best to try and figure out how to bring magic into the Marvel cinematic universe. I imagine we'll get a hint of what Marvel's plans are when we see the Scarlet Witch in action in Avengers: Age of Ultron.


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Meet the four directors being tapped to direct the Dr. Strange movie

Why We May Never Meet the Skrulls in the Marvel Films. Plus Arrow News! onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Why We May Never Meet the Skrulls in the Marvel Films. Plus Arrow News!

Why We May Never Meet the Skrulls in the Marvel Films. Plus Arrow News! S


Are prop-makers in London being locked in for Indiana Jones 5? Find out who played Rocket Raccoon on the Guardians of the Galaxy set. Emma Watson describes the hazardous conditions on the Noah set. And Hugh Jackman talks fighting X-Men: Days of Future Past's Sentinels. Plus casting news from Supernatural: Tribes, Agents of SHIELD, Vampire Diaries and more. Spoilers now!


Guardians of the Galaxy


James Gunn explained that, along with certain characters, Marvel doesn't exactly own the movie rights to certain aliens either:



Marvel only partially owns Skrulls, and also for the record, we don't own the Badoon either. So people were asking why we have the Sakaarans in the film, we don't own the Badoon.



It's probably Fox that owns the Badoon — who are a major threat in the Guardians comics — given that Fox has the Fantastic Four and Silver Surfer. And it sounds, reading between the lines, as though the Skrulls are in a gray area (which could be why we saw the Chitauri in Avengers.) Gunn also described who played Rocket Raccoon on the set, since they hadn't cast Bradley Cooper until after they'd finished filming:



My brother Sean Gunn wore a little green suit and he waddled around and he acted out Rocket. I think all of the guys will attest to the fact, and they have in all their interviews, that he was a great part of the team, and it really was Zoe, Dave, Chris, and Sean who sort of like created the energy that people will see in the movie between these four characters, who are usually at odds and sometimes find common ground. Sean was a big part of that energy and creating that, not only was a he doing a great job performing himself, but also gave the other actors something to work off of so they're not working with a tennis ball.



Listen to the interview below. [Coming Soon]




Star Wars/Indiana Jones 5


Pinewood Studios is reportedly in the process of building a full scale Millenium Falcon, as well as a number of lightsaber hilts. This fits in both with the idea that Episode VII will show a lot of the touchstones from the first trilogy, as well as the reported emphasis on practical props.


Den of Geek is also reporting that the modelmakers are being offered seven-year contracts, covering all three movies of the trilogy and some of the standalone ones. Also reportedly on the table for this contract is Indiana Jones 5, which is no confirmation that it's happening — just that it might. [Den of Geek via Slashfilm]


And then there's the deeply unlikely rumor that they're looking into recasting Princess Leia. Jedi News has a tip that there was a casting call for that part in London, but Slashfilm very logically pointed out that other auditions had the actors reading scenes from the older movies. Plus, they could very likely be using the name as a placeholder, while looking for a similar type of character (possibly a daughter?). [Jedi News, Slashfilm]




Noah


Emma Watson said that the film's got an environmental message, which sounds like it's "fear the flood we'll be seeing if we don't act," that impacted filming a bit:



Because of the storm, Douglas [Booth] and I ended up shooting most of our scenes between 4am and 7am - and at that time I never function well. Because the film has a pro-environment message, Darren didn't want anyone drinking from plastic water bottles on set either. So that made things slightly harder.


Everything we used had to be recycled or recyclable. Having no water bottles on set at five in the morning, when you're exhausted and delirious, wasn't ideal. I was so tired one morning I picked up a mug from my trailer and drank some stagnant water that had been there for the duration – so three months. I was so ill.



Watson also told Wonderland magazine that the heat of filming in New York in summer also affected actor Ray Winstone:



We started filming in the summer in New York. It was so hot that Ray Winstone at one point, who wore a beard and heavy make-up, nearly fell down a flight of stairs. His make-up was literally melting off his face.



[The Guardian]




X-Men: Days of Future Past


Hugh Jackman revealed that he'd be fighting both the past!Sentinels and the future! ones in the film, saying:



Yes, you do see battling and I'll tell you, you see battling in the future and in the past. And not just me battling them, but all the characters. It's exciting after doing two Wolverine movies in a row to see how the X-Men work together, so I'm trying to give you a little something without giving you much, but they need to work together in order to bring down the Sentinels.


Can you talk a little bit about the Sentinels in the past and the future and how different they are?


I was just told I can't tell you about the future! You guys have seen the past, right? You've seen the past Sentinels.


We saw Bryan's pictures… And there have been pictures as part of a viral marketing campaign.


All I can tell you… is that in the future, the Sentinels are formidable. They're formidable in the past, but in the future it is a very dire situation for the X-Men. (Laughter) [Unit Publicist] Joe's happy, no one else is! Sorry!



He also talked about how Wolverine will be different in this movie, versus how we've seen him before:



Well, it very much follows on from The Wolverine. You get the feeling that he's come to terms with who he is – I'm a warrior, I'm Wolverine and that's who I am, for better or worse, it's not all going to be pretty, but here we go. And then soon after, as you saw in the teaser, he gets approached. Now, actually, it's all hands on deck, it doesn't matter which side you're on in terms of mutant politics, it's about survival. So he's on board, but he's very much in the center of it in terms of the team, so to speak. And then he's sent back to try and fix things and, as he says, I'm the last person in the world who should be sent back on this mission. If you want someone to go back to take someone's head off, fantastic, but he's really got to go back and almost act in parts as inspiration, as mentor, as guide, because he can't do it all on his own, which is always his preferred method, but he can't here because of the nature of the story. So he has to become, not necessarily a leader, because I'd still call Xavier the leader here, but in a way he has to become a facilitator for everyone to come together. Which is not his normal modus operandi and it's certainly not easy for him.



[Slashfilm]




The Hunger Games: Mockingjay


A casting call went out from CLCasting for "thin framed men and women, ages 18+ for 'Untitled Trilogy,'" which is the title they use for The Hunger Games movies. They required the men to be willing to get a haircut and would pay extra for those that agreed to do a "wet" scene.


The dates were this week and last, from February 14-18. Based on the description and the scenes that were being filmed earlier this month, I'm betting these "thin" people are playing the food-rationed denizens of District 13. The haircut requirement also makes sense, since it would give all the men a uniform look. [Hollywood Hills]




Divergent


Here's the preview that aired during the Olympics:




Transformers 4: Age of Extinction


Like Mark Wahlberg before him, Titus Welliver is pointing to this movie as giving him instant cachet with his children, but he also warns that it's not a "kids movie":



I've now won the hard earned respect of my children because I'm in a Transformers film, and I've always wanted to work with Michael Bay and certainly Mark Wahlberg and Kelsey Grammer.


It's a bit more of a darker vision of the Transformers world… It's not a kids movie, I'll tell you that much.



[Transformer World]




The Last Witch Hunter


This film has been in development hell for years, with Breck Eisner attached to direct in 2011. However, it look like it may be inching forward, as Vin Diesel posted a photo of some concept art to his Facebook page and reporting that he had a good meeting. Written by Corey Goodman, The Last Witch Hunter has Vin Diesel starring as a man clearing out Manhattan's witch infestation. Because of course he is. [Cinema Blend]


Why We May Never Meet the Skrulls in the Marvel Films. Plus Arrow News! S




Arrow


According to Stephen Amell, there's a bit of a hierarchy to the Arrow cave, with everyone but Oliver, Felicity, and Diggle being "just kind of a visitor," and Roy and Sara being "part of the team will a lower-case 't.'" Colton Haynes agreed, saying that Roy will resent being treated like an "errand boy." Sorry, Roy.


David Ramsey previewed March 19th's "Suicide Squad," saying:



There's a bigger story with the Suicide Squad and ... their involvement perhaps with Team Arrow in the future. There's a lot of set-up for the season finale.... Big stuff.



Ramsey also said that Diggle and Felicity will be training, sort of in parallel to how Roy and Oliver will be.


The other big episode, in terms of comic-name-recognition, will be "Bird of Prey," which'll have the Huntress taking hostages, including Laurel.


Viewers shouldn't be holding their breath that Slade Wilson's going to hang around as the main villain forever, according to EP Marc Guggenheim:



We knew that John Barrowman's character [of Malcolm Merlyn] would be the Big Bad of Season 1. And we knew that if Manu [Bennett] worked out, in success he would be the Big Bad of Season 2. So this was always the plan. And it's exciting, because we are literally shooting stuff, and moments, that we talked about over a year ago.



That sounds like his storyline's set to resolve by the end of the season, like Merlyn's did in season 1. More information at the link. [TV Line]


Amell also hinted that episode 2.14's going to end on a major cliffhanger, when he answered a question about which episode he's most looking forward to seeing:



It's a tie between the end of 14 ("Time of Death"), and Episode 15 ("The Promise"). The end of 14 is one of those, 'Oh my God, why can't it be next week already?!' situations.



[TV Line]


Speaking of "Time of Death," here a preview of that very episode:




American Horror Story


Jessica Lange knows just as much as we do about what the next season has in store, telling NJ.com:



Ryan keeps things very close to the vest, so I don't know. Although apparently I'm going to have a German accent!



[NJ.com]




Agents of SHIELD


The March 4th episode will be introducing two recurring SHIELD agents to the show. The first is the already-announced Bill Paxton. The second is B.J. Britt (One Tree Hill, Being Mary Jane) as Agent Triplett, an associate of Paxton's character. [TV Line]




Once Upon a Time


Once will explain early on in its return why Emma and Henry are living in New York, and not in Emma's last place of residence before Storybrooke, Boston.


Belle's "plan" apparently results from her realizing something about his confrontation with Pan and needing to get more information about Rumplestiltskin. [TV Line]


We'll actually be visiting the land of Oz — and the producers are figuring out what they can use that comes from the books, rather than the movie or the Broadway musical. We'll mostly see stuff that comes straight from the books, like the flying monkeys. [E! Online]




Supernatural: Tribes


The spinoff has cast Lucien Laviscount (Episodes, Skins) as one of the leads. He'll play Ennis Roth, a police academy trainee whose fiancée dies as a result of the monster war. This is what leads to him being a hunter, and all of this is likely to happen in the backdoor pilot in this season of Supernatural.


Also cast is Nathaniel Buzolic (The Vampire Diaries) as the regular character David Hayden, a "shapeshifter from one of the ruling monster families who's been living as a human, having given up the monster life years ago." [TV Line]




Under the Dome


Sherry Stringfield (ER) has joined the cast in the recurring role of Pauline, "a mysterious woman who may be connected to the origins of the dome." Everything else about her is being kept secret. [TV Guide]




The Vampire Diaries


Heather Hemmens and Chris Brochu have been cast in The Vampire Diaries. Hemmens will play Maggie, the love interest of Enzo's who was described in episode nine. And Brochu will play Luke, a gay Whitmore college student with a secret agenda who befriends Elena and Caroline. Also, Luke has a sister on campus that he'll do anything to protect. We'll eventually learn that Luke has come into the girls' lives for "mysterious and dangerous reasons that has to do with the growing tension between the witches and the travelers." [E! Online]


Separately, Raffi Barsoumian will play "Markos, an imposing and charismatic presence with supernatural origins." [Deadline]




Forever


Judd Hirsch has joined the cast of ABC's upcoming supernatural thriller as the best friend of immortal protagonist Henry. Hirsch's character Abe is the only friend of Henry, a medical examiner whose studies into death are the result of his immortality. [TV Guide]




Beauty and the Beast


The winter finale, "About Last Night," will have Cat and Vincent revisiting a romantic location from their past. [TV Line]


Here's the synopsis for March 3rd's "Catch Me If You Can":



CAT AND VINCENT FIND THEMSELVES IN A COMPROMISING SITUATION — Feeling pulled between her current boyfriend and her ex, Cat (Kristin Kreuk) has to decide between Gabe (Sendhil Ramamurthy) and Vincent (Jay Ryan). While Cat and Vincent work together to save Sam's (guest star Tom Everett Scott) latest victim, Cat's decision gets complicated when she and Vincent find themselves in a compromising situation. Nina Lisandrello and Austin Basis also star. Norma Bailey directed the episode written by Eric Tuchman (#215).



[K Site TV]




Teen Wolf


Allison seems to be moving on with Isaac, and meanwhile Scott has his eye on someone new: Kira, the new girl at Beacon Hills High. [E! Online]


Here's the extended promo for episode 3.20, "Echo House." [via SpoilerTV]




The Originals


Here's a preview for "The Long Way Back from Hell":


Here's the synopsis for March 11th's "Farewell to Storyville":



TRAPPED IN THE CITY OF THE DEAD — Despite Klaus' (Joseph Morgan) rage, Elijah (Daniel Gillies) is determined to protect Rebekah (Claire Holt) while the three of them are trapped in the City of the Dead cemetery by a witch's boundary spell. Klaus and Rebekah trade bitter accusations until Elijah steps in to reveal a long-held secret from the family's past. Meanwhile, Marcel (Charles Michael Davis) races to free Rebekah, ultimately finding himself forced to make a deal with Genevieve (guest star Elyse Levesque). Finally, Rebekah and Hayley (Phoebe Tonkin) connect over their shared concern for Hayley's unborn baby. Jesse Warn directed the episode written by Michael Narducci (#116).



[K Site TV]




Star-Crossed


Here's the press release for the fourth episode:



And Left no Friendly Drop" — (8:00-9:00 p.m. ET) (TV-PG, DV) (HDTV)


SWIM MEET — Roman (Matt Lanter) is furious when the sector guards ransack his family's pod looking for restricted technology. However, he is taken aback when his mother (guest star Susan Walters) shows him a secret cell phone she found hidden in his late father's things. Roman takes the phone to school in hopes of retrieving the data and finding out what his father was hiding. Turning to a friend he trusts, Roman asks Julia (Malese Jow) for help and she introduces him to Lukas (Titus Makin, Jr.), a tech genius. Emery (Aimee Teegarden) notices Roman's newfound closeness to Julia, but since Julia had promised to keep Roman's secret, she deflects Emery's questions, causing tensions between the friends. Grayson (Grey Damon) asks Emery to forgive him for the incident at the sector, but she's not sure she can trust him. Meanwhile, with Emery's encouragement, and under Teri's (Chelsea Gilligan) watchful eye, Sophia (guest star Brina Palencia) decides to join the swim team and blows everyone away with her speed. Unfortunately, not everyone is thrilled to have Brina on the team and when she is poisoned by rivals, an all-out brawl ensues. The Trags give Drake (Greg Finley) a mission. Harry Sinclair directed the episode written by Robert Hewitt Wolfe (#104).



[SpoilerTV]




Penny Dreadful


Here's a behind-the-scenes featurette for Penny Dreadful. [Coming Soon]


Additional reporting by Charlie Jane Anders and Emily Stamm


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Why We May Never Meet the Skrulls in the Marvel Films. Plus Arrow News!

Monkey Brain-Spinal-Interface: Check. onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Monkey Brain-Spinal-Interface: Check.

Vor einem Jahr hatte man in einer Ratte Reflexe ausgelöst, die durch die Hirnwellen einer anderen Ratte ausgelöst wurden. Ein halbes Jahr später wackelte ein Mensch mit dem Schwanz einer Ratte und ein paar Monate später triggerte ein Mensch bei einem anderen Handbewegungen.


Jetzt hat ein Affe über ein Brain-2-Rückgrat-Interface mit die Armbewegungen eines betäubten Affen gesteuert:



Neuroscientists from Harvard University have put a whole new spin on the age-old saying “monkey see, monkey do,” after their brain implants allowed one monkey to control the actions of another monkey. […]


To accomplish the feat, scientists placed electrodes in the brain of a puppet-master rhesus monkey, while a sedated avatar monkey had electrodes wired to its spinal chord. A computer decoded the brain activity of the master and sent signals to the avatar’s spinal cord, whose hand was placed on a joystick controlling a cursor on the master’s screen.


The master monkey controlled the movement of the cursor by moving the avatar’s hand, and was rewarded each time he moved the cursor onto a target. In 98 percent of tests, the master could correctly control the avatar’s arm.



Monkey Mind-Control Holds Promise for Paraplegics (Bild via Shutterstock)


Vorher auf Nerdcore:

Brain 2 Brain-Interface in Rats: Check.

Human-2-Rat Brain-Interface: Interspecies Telepathy, check

Human Brain-2-Brain-Interface: Check.


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Monkey Brain-Spinal-Interface: Check.

Kamis, 20 Februari 2014

Aurora Borealis during a solar flare is the very best kind of madness onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

Written By 12; About: Aurora Borealis during a solar flare is the very best kind of madness onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com on Kamis, 20 Februari 2014

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Aurora Borealis during a solar flare is the very best kind of madness

This may be the most amazing shot of the northern lights, yet. Check out the way they're moving — that's no timelapse, this video was shot in realtime.


So, why are the northern lights moving so quickly in this shot? It has to do with an increase in activity on the sun. Phil Plait over at Bad Astronomer explains:



We can get aurorae from just the solar wind without a big storm from the Sun, but when there is a storm the aurora are much brighter and more active. The shape of the aurora seen from the ground depends on the shape of the Earth's magnetic field. It can form long ribbons or sheets which look like curtains of light in the sky, or it can just be a diffuse glow. The shape can change as the solar wind's magnetic field interacts with the Earth's field, and it's usually slow and stately. But it can also happen very rapidly, as you can see in the video. Then the aurora is like a living thing, writhing and shimmering.



Though there wasn't enough activity for a geomagnetic storm this time, there was still plenty to create the amazing display you see above.


Video: Skydivephil


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Aurora Borealis during a solar flare is the very best kind of madness

A lost city reveals the grandeur of medieval African civilization onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com A lost city reveals the grandeur of medieval African civilization

A lost city reveals the grandeur of medieval African civilization S


Some of the world's greatest cities during the Middle Ages were on the eastern coast of Africa. Their ornate stone domes and soaring walls, made with ocean corals and painted a brilliant white, were wonders to the traders that visited them from Asia, the Middle East, and Europe. They were the superpowers of the Swahili Coast, and they've long been misunderstood by archaeologists. It's only recently that researchers outside Africa are beginning to appreciate their importance.


Photos by Samir Patel


Throughout the Middle Ages, great civilizations ringed the Indian Ocean. From Egypt, people could travel the Red Sea to reach the ocean, then sail south to Africa, or continue east to the Arab world and India. Then, of course, one could travel over land on the famous Silk Road from India through central Asia and into China. In reality, few people ever made that journey. But many trade goods did, passed from hand to hand in cosmopolitan cities whose cultural diversity would have made places like New York and Sao Paolo look like monocultures. Among those great medieval cities were places like Songo Mnara, a gorgeous and bustling Swahili city built on an island off the coast of Tanzania in the fourteenth century.


At a time when European cities were getting wiped out by plagues and famines, Songo Mnara was thriving.


This month, Samir Patel has a fascinating article in Archaeology about the city. He writes:



From the tenth to fifteenth centuries, the riches of Africa's interior, such as ivory, gold, resins, food, timber, and even slaves, were in high demand around the world. Because of the monsoon trade winds, which could reliably bring traders from around the Indian Ocean to and from the East African coast, many of these goods passed through Swahili towns and into a hemisphere-spanning trade network—through the Red and Mediterranean Seas to Europe, across the ocean to India and Persia, and to China via sea and land. Some of the Swahili stone towns—a collective description of some settlements with stone ruins across miles of coast—grew spectacularly wealthy on this trade. They were independently ruled sultanates that shared intracoastal trade, culture, language (Kiswahili), religion (Islam), and receptiveness to the influence of the outside world. Like the independent city-states of the same period in Italian history, some were major powers, and their fortunes rose and fell with shifting trade relationships and political maneuvering.



Today, Songo Mnara is a ruin that had been almost forgotten by people living outside the local area. It was built by the people of Kilwa Kisiwanti, an ancient city on a nearby island, and they did it the way today's best city planners might. Though no one is sure why, they wanted to erect this city quickly. So they drew up a city plan and organized the homes, palace, and town's mosques around graceful open areas, with generously-sized courtyards that the locals used to greet traveling merchants.


A lost city reveals the grandeur of medieval African civilization S


Swahili towns didn't have marketplaces like comparable cities in Europe, the Middle East and China. Instead, archaeologists are learning, trade was conducted in the courtyards, which were halfway between public and private space. Similar kinds of public/private areas were common in ancient Rome as well. Perhaps merchants would stay with a family and other city dwellers would visit to trade with them. Or perhaps they would travel from courtyard to courtyard, offering their wares.


The people who lived in Songo Mnara were part of a Sultanate, or city-state, connected to their parent city of Kilwa. They spoke Kiswahili (related to today's Swahili), and were part of an enormous cultural network that spanned the coast from Somalia to Tanzania. Like the Arab peoples they traded with, the people of the Swahili Coast were Muslims and some of their most breathtaking architecture can be seen in the towers that crown their mosques.


Below, you can see the octagonal pool that once was a gorgeous water feature in the Sultan's palace on Kilwa.


A lost city reveals the grandeur of medieval African civilization S


According to one of the archaeologists who is now excavating Songo Mnara, University of York archaeologist Stephanie Wynne-Jones, it's very possible that Islamic practices in medieval Songo Mnara were different from the ones popular in the same region today.


Writes Patel:



According to ethnographic research, Swahili society is traditionally matrilocal (meaning that a man, after marriage, moves in with his wife's family), which doesn't seem to jibe with the more socially conservative form of Islam practiced on the Swahili Coast today. It is thought that the later Omani occupation of the region imposed a stricter version of Islam with regard to women, overwriting what could have been a brand of Swahili Islam with greater gender equality.



One of the key pieces of evidence for this earlier form of Islam can be found on Songo Mnara, where University of Bristol archaeologist Mark Horton believes he's uncovered a mosque that was purpose-built for women. Horton is an expert on mosque architecture and believes that such a mosque would be unique in the Islamic world and would have reflected the importance of women in Swahili society of the middle ages. It's possible that women prayed alongside the men in the many other mosques of the town, and eventually were segregated into their own mosque as their roles changed over time. We don't know for sure, and Horton says that it's always possible that the building was for some other purpose — perhaps a Koranic school — they still haven't figured out yet.


Below, the ruin of the possible women's mosque. Below that, we can see an excavation area where houses once were.


A lost city reveals the grandeur of medieval African civilization S


For Horton and Wynne-Jones, excavating Songo Mnara is a rare privilege — it's a mostly-undisturbed site, largely ignored by scientists and locals alike. Partly, it's been preserved so well because archaeologists from an earlier era didn't believe it was a legitimate African ruin — they believed the architecture was too sophisticated, and therefore had to have been crafted by Arab traders who wanted an outpost. That idea has long been disproven, and now the archaeological community accepts that the vibrant Swahili culture was purely African in origin, and that the cultural influences from the Middle East cut both ways. The Swahili Coast and its luxurious arts and goods were an enormous influence on their neighbors ringing the Indian Ocean.


But the power of the Swahili Coast fell as European powers rose. Patel explains:



At the end of the fifteenth century, the Portuguese arrived and Indian Ocean trade changed. Many stone towns were abandoned around this time, often hastily. Through the ensuing 500 years of colonial occupation—Portuguese, Omani, British—the Swahili culture that coalesced in the medieval period has persisted. Today, more than a million people in East Africa still identify as Swahili (from Sawahil, an Arabic word meaning "people of the coast").



Below is a drawing of Kilwa from a European map drawn in the sixteenth century, roughly a century after the city's heyday as a trade power. Admiration for the city's beauty had spread far and wide.


A lost city reveals the grandeur of medieval African civilization S


And, as the survival of Swahili culture in Africa attests, the memory of the great trade empire lives on in the peoples of the region. Now, as archaeologists learn more about this history, it's becoming more obvious than ever how crucial African civilizations were to the development of the medieval world.


Read more in Archaeology


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com A lost city reveals the grandeur of medieval African civilization

Concept Art Writing Prompt: Attack on Kitty Titan onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Concept Art Writing Prompt: Attack on Kitty Titan

Concept Art Writing Prompt: Attack on Kitty Titan S


The mouse military faces its greatest foe: the cat giant, which has broken free from its shackles and is ready to wreak havoc on the rodent cities. What kind of story will you write about the battle between these eternal enemies?


This fun illustration was made by Park Insu, via Xombie DIRGE. Does it inspire your inner author? If so, write a short story about this feline attacker and post it in the comments.


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Concept Art Writing Prompt: Attack on Kitty Titan

Raise your axe if you're ready for the weekend! onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Raise your axe if you're ready for the weekend!

Raise your axe if you're ready for the weekend!


It's time to get this party rockin'! Concept artist Vincent Devault has created the perfect accompaniment for your "ready for the weekend" black metal thrash-athon, with his bloody awesome epic fantasy art for Games Workshop and others.


Inspire First has a pretty bitchin' collection of Devault's artwork, and here are some of our absolute favorites:


Raise your axe if you're ready for the weekend!


Raise your axe if you're ready for the weekend!


Raise your axe if you're ready for the weekend!


Raise your axe if you're ready for the weekend!


Raise your axe if you're ready for the weekend!


Raise your axe if you're ready for the weekend!


Raise your axe if you're ready for the weekend!


Raise your axe if you're ready for the weekend!


Raise your axe if you're ready for the weekend!


Raise your axe if you're ready for the weekend! S


Raise your axe if you're ready for the weekend! S


Raise your axe if you're ready for the weekend! S


Raise your axe if you're ready for the weekend! S


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Raise your axe if you're ready for the weekend!

Are bookshelves becoming obsolete? onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Are bookshelves becoming obsolete?

Are bookshelves becoming obsolete? S


The e-book is on the rise — but that does also mean that the bookshelf will disappear?


In response to this post on the obsolete tech that people thought would be around forever, commenter IrTehSuck makes the case for why the printed book — and it's display shelf — could carry on:



I just like the idea of "Collecting". I'll buy a hard copy of a book, even if I have it on an e-reader, just so I can display it on my shelf. Same with movies and CDs.


What are people going to look at when they visit your house and you're in the bathroom or cooking the food? I always look at the items on peoples shelves... these things tell you a lot about the person. I can't do that if everything is digital... kind of makes me sad to think that I'm a dying breed.



Of course, you could also argue that the display shelf hasn't disappeared with e-books and video streaming, it's just moved online as well, to your Facebook pages you like or to the reviews you leave. Still, there's something about seeing all the physical books and movies someone has collected that seems different — for one thing it seems likely to be a little less carefully curated, with old favorites mixed in with more random selections that you've also picked up.


What do you think? Will the bookshelf and dvd case survive? And, if not, what will replace it?


Image: Smath


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Are bookshelves becoming obsolete?

"Repent Harlequin!" Said The Ticktockman is becoming a TV series onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com "Repent Harlequin!" Said The Ticktockman is becoming a TV series

"Repent Harlequin!" Said The Ticktockman is becoming a TV series S


One of the most influential and beloved short stories penned by the great Harlan Ellison is coming to the small screen, via Babylon 5 creator J. Michael Straczynski. But can television do it justice?


The beautiful and complex story, "'Repent Harlequin!' Said The Ticktockman" is set in a dystopian future where time is a highly regulated. Being late is a serious crime. If you abuse your time the Ticktockman will find you, "turn you off," and you die. The short story itself starts in the middle and leaps from the beginning and end throughout the plot. It's really a wonderful bit of work that has been widely praised as an astounding work of science fiction. And now, Straczynski has acquired the rights to this story from Ellison.


Deadline is reporting that Straczynski wants to turn this story into a feature film. And even though these two creators have a history together, Ellison allegedly wouldn't hand over the rights until he saw a finished script from Straczynski. Which we're totally OK with. This is still very early in the development stages, but according to Deadline, Straczynski will approach Peter Jackson and Guillermo del Toro for a production partnership. Which, fingers crossed, they bite.


Image from Marvel's Unknown Worlds of Science Fiction (1975) by Alex Nino.


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com "Repent Harlequin!" Said The Ticktockman is becoming a TV series

This lost satellite could trigger a deadly Gravity-style debris field onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com This lost satellite could trigger a deadly Gravity-style debris field

This lost satellite could trigger a deadly Gravity-style debris field S


Envisat is a dead 8,100 pound satellite that scientists now say is at high risk of triggering a catastrophic cloud of cascading space junk similar to the one portrayed in Gravity.


At 30 feet (9 meters) long, Envisat is the largest civilian observation satellite currently in space. Unfortunately, it died on April 8, 2012 — so it's just spinning aimlessly around the Earth at a height of 490 miles (790 km). It's not expected to re-enter Earth's atmosphere for another 150 years.


Because of its large size and the altitude at which it orbits, fourth-year students at the University of Leicester's Department of Physics and Astronomy fear that it's at high risk of colliding with other satellites and debris. This would unleash the dreaded Kessler Syndrome — an avalanche effect instigated by cascading bits of debris.


It would be like the one portrayed in Gravity. In that case, a Russian rocket started the whole thing by knocking out one of its own satellites. But in this proposed instance, the Leicester students worry that Envisat could smash into another satellite or other bits of space junk. And as we all know from Gravity, the outcome would be awful. In fact, failure to prevent such a thing could result in our having to "reboot" low Earth orbit by clearing it of all satellites and debris — and then starting from scratch.


This lost satellite could trigger a deadly Gravity-style debris field S


To date, Envisat has had two objects pass within 200 meters of it, while one spacecraft has already been forced to move out of its path.


To deal with it, the Leicester physicists have proposed a de-orbiting plan: "If Envisat could be slowed down, it would be possible for it to enter an orbit with a lower altitude and natural forces, such as drag, would bring it back into Earth's atmosphere,"


The scientists calculate that the satellite would need to be moved to an altitude of 435 miles (700km) from its current position in order to return to the planet in 25 years. They say it may be possible to use NASA's Robotic Refueling Mission (RRM), which was specifically designed to refuel and repair non-operational satellites. However, it is still in its earliest phases of testing.


You can read the entire paper at the Journal of Physics Special Topics, a special journal where students "are encouraged to be imaginative with their topics, and find ways to apply basic physics to the weird, the wonderful and the everyday." Previous entries to this journal include a visualization of hyperspeed and the impracticality of human teleportation.


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com This lost satellite could trigger a deadly Gravity-style debris field