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Looking Back at 2013 with io9! onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

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onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Looking Back at 2013 with io9!

Looking Back at 2013 with io9!


Happy New Year! | Just one of the beautiful space images that artist Ron Miller contributed to io9 in 2013. Download this image as a wallpaper here.






The Best and Worst Science Fiction and Fantasy Movies of 2013


Looking Back at 2013 with io9!


This was a good year to argue about movies. A lot of films inspired powerful reactions, either positive or negative, among audiences. Some of 2013's movies are destined to be among our all-time favorites, while others will be reviled forever. Here are the 10 best and 10 worst science fiction and fantasy movies of 2013.




The Most Amazing Science Images of 2013


Looking Back at 2013 with io9!


From slow-mo footage on YouTube to deep-space satellite imagery to weird washcloths on the International Space Station, this was a big year for beautiful science. Here for your visceral viewing pleasure are thirty-three of our favorite photos and videos from 2013.




The Best and Worst Television Moments of 2013


Looking Back at 2013 with io9! S


This year's science fiction and fantasy television delivered amazing highs and terrible lows. But what were the most brilliant scenes, and what were the most horrific? We've rounded them up the year's best moments, along with some of the absolute worst. Spoilers ahead...




Biggest Scientific Breakthroughs of 2013


Looking Back at 2013 with io9! S


From intergalactic neutrinos and invisible brains, to the creation of miniature human "organoids," 2013 was an remarkable year for scientific discovery. Here are 17 of the biggest scientific breakthroughs, innovations and advances of 2013.




2013 Was an Absurdly Great Year for Comics


Looking Back at 2013 with io9!


Have you heard the phrase "an embarrassment of riches"? Well, that's what 2013 was in terms of great comics — even with all the time in the world, we couldn't tell you about all the wonderful stories that came out of mainstream and indie publishers alike over the last 12 months. Here's what we consider the very best, but feel free to include your favorites in the comments — and let's hope 2014 is just as good.




The Most Incredible Historical Discoveries of 2013


Looking Back at 2013 with io9!


From 1.8-million-year-old hominid skulls to rewriting the Buddha's birthday to sunken Nazi subs, 2013 was another incredible year for archaeologists and historians. Here's the best the year had to offer.




10 Lessons That We Hope 2013 Has Taught the Entertainment Industry


Looking Back at 2013 with io9! S


This past year was a killing ground, but also a proving ground. Huge, massively-hyped projects crashed and burned, but there were also some surprising hits. And in the midst of this carnage, a few stark truths. Here are 10 lessons we hope the entertainment industry learns from 2013.




The Weirdest Science Stories of 2013


Looking Back at 2013 with io9!


From human head transplants to magnets that prove gay marriage is wrong to potty-mouthed supercomputers, 2013 was truly a bizarre year for science and those purporting to be scientists. Here are 25 of the weirdest stories of the past year.




The Absolute Best Cosplay of 2013


Looking Back at 2013 with io9! S


This was an amazing year for creative costumes and clever tributes — so it was a lot of work to do all of it justice. We looked through a whole year of costuming at every convention, Halloween outing or simply talented people messing around online and we found a massive collection of exceptionally talented costumers. Here are our absolute favorite cosplayers from 2013.




The 18 Most Futuristic Predictions That Came True in 2013


Looking Back at 2013 with io9!


A lot can happen in a single year, especially in this era of accelerating technological and social change. Here are the 18 most futuristic developments of 2013.




The Greatest Breakout Stars of 2013


Looking Back at 2013 with io9! S


2013 is almost over — but before we say goodbye lets say thank you to the people who made this year the best year. Seriously, without this list of breakout actors and brand new faces we would be lost, bored, or have nothing to GIF. Here is our complete list of the best breakout stars of 2013.




The Best New Webcomics of 2013


Looking Back at 2013 with io9! S


All year long, cartoonists have been giving away beautiful, funny, and heartbreaking pieces of webcomic goodness for free online. From goofy girl warriors to time-traveling artists to emotionally and physically intimate pieces, here are our favorite new webcomics from 2013.




The Biggest Mistakes, Blunders and Bad Ideas of 2013


Looking Back at 2013 with io9!


To err is human, to forgive divine. So I guess if you forgive these people and companies for making some of the most moronic decisions of this year, you're a god. Congratulations! Now cast your divine attention to learning how DC, Cartoon Network, Disney and more bungled their way through 2013.




The Best Science Fiction and Fantasy Short Films of 2013


Looking Back at 2013 with io9! S


We've been blown away by the variety and quality of short films that have appeared online this year, from a heartbreaking story set in the zombie apocalypse to an all-ages anime about a young witch learning to trust in her own power. Here are some of our favorite science, science fiction, and fantasy-themed short films from 2013.




The Best Science Fiction and Fantasy Books of 2013


Looking Back at 2013 with io9! S


This was a banner year for science fiction and fantasy books — and choosing the year's best titles was harder than usual. From time-slashing serial killers to grand space operas to Kafka-esque nightmares, this was a year of brilliant reads. Here are the 20 best science fiction and fantasy books of 2013.




The Greatest Hits of io9 in 2013


Looking Back at 2013 with io9! S


We've taken a lot of strange journeys together at io9 this year. And hopefully, we've learned some stuff along the way — including some stuff you'd probably like to unlearn. Here are all of the most popular io9 posts from 2013, in science, pop culture and general weirdness.


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Looking Back at 2013 with io9!

New discovery reveals 2100 could be a "catastrophic" year onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com New discovery reveals 2100 could be a "catastrophic" year

New discovery reveals 2100 could be a "catastrophic" year


A new study on environmental changes suggests that our future may be warmer than we thought — 4 degrees C warmer, to be exact. That's how much hotter the planet will be in 2100, as a result of changes in cloud cover. And this could prove catastrophic for human life.


Over at the Guardian, Damian Carrington notes that the 4 C rise is "twice what the world's governments deem dangerous" and is a higher estimate than what we've seen before from climate experts. That's because this new climate model accounts for changes in cloud cover:



The research indicates that fewer clouds form as the planet warms, meaning less sunlight is reflected back into space, driving temperatures up further still. The way clouds affect global warming has been the biggest mystery surrounding future climate change.


Professor Steven Sherwood, at the University of New South Wales, in Australia, who led the new work, said: "This study breaks new ground twice: first by identifying what is controlling the cloud changes and second by strongly discounting the lowest estimates of future global warming in favour of the higher and more damaging estimates."


"4C would likely be catastrophic rather than simply dangerous," Sherwood told the Guardian. "For example, it would make life difficult, if not impossible, in much of the tropics, and would guarantee the eventual melting of the Greenland ice sheet and some of the Antarctic ice sheet", with sea levels rising by many metres as a result.



You may want to check what this will mean for your city, by looking at sea level rise projections using the Drown Your Town app.


Read the full story at the Guardian


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com New discovery reveals 2100 could be a "catastrophic" year

Is this the TV roster we'll see in 2014? onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Is this the TV roster we'll see in 2014?

Is this the TV roster we'll see in 2014?


With 2014 literally around the corner, we've been making predictions about what the year ahead could bring. And, after peering deep into the darkness of our blank television screens, we have some ideas about just what we might see on TV in the next twelve months.


Commenter Area51Comics sketched out this possible future for where we might see some of our favorite scifi and fantasy shows go in 2014:



Community will sign for a 6th season (probably not with NBC), thus fulfilling 85% of their prophecy. No word on "The Cape" still.


We will not get enough new Doctor Who to make a clear judgement. 1/2 will hate it, 1/2 will love it.


Marvel's Agents of Shield will continue to ask fans to "wait for it." While Arrow and Flash will provide solid television comic book entertainment.


The Walking Dead will slip in ratings due to no real baddy around like the Gov.


Probably 3 new vampire or werewolf TV series.


Fox will move Almost Human to another night.


Once Upon a Time will either hint at or go full on Wizard of Oz and/or Star Wars. (Don't laugh they have had nods to SW already.)


Once upon a Time in Wonderland - Cancelled


Atlantis - Not cancelled, but pulled from BBC America


Revolution - Cancelled


Continuum will either be dropped by SyFy or wrap up (I hope not).



I'm also adding the renewal of both Sleepy Hollow and Elementary for third seasons in 2014.


Have some additions or quibbles or your own to add? (Or perhaps just some naming suggestions for those three new vampire/werewolf/werepire series?) Tell us about it now in the comments.


Related

Make a prediction about 2014!

What will 2014 bring? Will all our mail really be delivered by robots? Will the new Planet of the Apes finally deliver an image more iconic than… Read…




onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Is this the TV roster we'll see in 2014?

How the hell did this pelican survive after getting shot 110 times? onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com How the hell did this pelican survive after getting shot 110 times?

How the hell did this pelican survive after getting shot 110 times?


Every year in Israel, countless birds get shot by farmers protecting their livelihood. Recently, one of these birds was brought by ambulance to an animal rescue hospital where x-rays showed the pelican had no less than 110 shotgun pellets in its body. Remarkably, the bird managed to live.


Yesterday, a badly bleeding pelican was brought to the Wildlife Hospital run by the Ramat Gan Safari Park and the Natuyre and Parks Authority in Israel. The doctors were shocked to discover some 110 shotgun pellets embedded in its body. In addition, it had lost an eye, had a broken wing, and was suffering from acute lead poisoning.


How the hell did this pelican survive after getting shot 110 times?


Haaretz reports:



The pelican is being treated, including with anti-lead medication and an operation to heal its cracked wing. The hospital says it should recover, though it may well remain lame. But that doesn't condemn it to a life of misery. The hospital places disabled pelicans in specially designated fish pools, which serves two purposes. Not only do they live off the fat fish of the land for life: their presence is noticed by migrating pelican flocks, which will then be likely to land at the designated pool rather than at a fish-farm, the hospital explains.



The zoo hospital treats more than 2,200 wild animals a year, almost all of which are injured by humans. More than 60% are returned to nature, and in the case they can't be, arrangements are made for them to live out a comfortable life.


How the hell did this pelican survive after getting shot 110 times?


[ Haaretz including images]


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com How the hell did this pelican survive after getting shot 110 times?

These Vintage Videos Predicted Today's Technology onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com These Vintage Videos Predicted Today's Technology

These Vintage Videos Predicted Today's Technology


Though many twentieth-century predictions for the future included things like flying cars and domed cities on Mars, there were some predictions that were uncannily accurate. These videos are packed with futuristic forecasts that have now come to pass.


"Fingertip shopping" (online shopping), household security cameras, online banking and the "electronic correspondence machine or home post office" (e-mail) – Prediction of the home computer in 1999 A.D, 1967


Home: 2001, an 1967 episode of The 21st Century with Walter Cronkite


The Living Room – with a 3D television and a media center:


The Home Office – watch and print the latest news from all over the world, check the latest weather and stock prices, check the closed-circuit security camera system:


Videoconferencing (Skype), standalone LCD/TFT displays, book flight tickets on Internet with seat selection, online shopping, voice command device – First Born, AT&T, 1991


E-book readers, GPS navigation systems and tablets with Wi-Fi – View of the Future, AT&T, 1993


Touchscreen, video call, virtual reality, – Connections: AT&T's Vision of the Future, AT&T, 1993


Smartphone-controlled home and smart watch, voice command device – You Will, AT&T, 1994 and 1995


Some fifth graders are predicting the rise of the Internet. And cats – Hey, Why Should I Be On The Internet?, 1995


Tablets with color touchscreens, a intelligent personal assistant (now Siri), huge searchable online databases, screen sharing, video calls – The Knowledge Navigator, Apple, 1995


Tablets for work, video calls and Internet for everyone – Moment of Discovery, Apple, 1995


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com These Vintage Videos Predicted Today's Technology

The most hopeful prediction yet for liberty in 2014 onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com The most hopeful prediction yet for liberty in 2014

The most hopeful prediction yet for liberty in 2014 S


In the United States, the Fourth Amendment regulates citizens' right to privacy from the government. Unfortunately it was written over 200 years ago, long before mass electronic surveillance. But now there are hopeful signs that interpretations of the Fourth Amendment may get much-needed updates in 2014.


Cyberlaw expert and privacy advocate Jennifer Granick has a terrific post over at Just Security on why some recent legal decisions that suggest 2014 may be the year when judicial interpretations of the Fourth Amendment are broadened to regulate mass surveillance. She describes two key judgements from 2013, related to mass surveillance and laptop searches at the US borders, and then concludes:



This year's NSA revelations show that—to a far greater extent than was publicly known—we are living in that mass surveillance world. A consensus seems to be emerging that the Fourth Amendment must evolve along with technology and government surveillance capabilities, and that it is the job of the lower courts to investigate and to rule accordingly. Indeed, if lower courts slavishly follow the closest analogous Supreme Court case on hand, rather than seriously consider whether facts, policies and practices on the ground have changed, higher courts will not benefit from the best fact-finding and the best legal reasoning incubated in the lower federal courts.


The fact that a government agency can technologically and economically accomplish the feat of collecting data on every phone subscriber, and making profiles of hundreds of millions of people, is an unprecedented power. The government used to be limited in its power to investigate and profile people by economics and technology. Increasingly, only the law would limit such practices. Will courts employ the Fourth Amendment to do privacy-protecting work that economic disincentives performed in the past? Recent opinions, from the concurrences in United States v. Jones, to today's decision by Judge Korman suggest they will. Here's to seeing that happen in 2014.



Granick is not typically bullish on civil liberties gains — she's been involved in plenty of uphill legal battles. So if she's optimistic about the future of the Fourth Amendment, that's a very good sign.


Read the full article over at Just Security


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com The most hopeful prediction yet for liberty in 2014

Awesome Anatomy onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Awesome Anatomy

Stop what you are doing and go look at this knitter's Etsy store. No. Seriously. Go look.


From her About Page: "I have no background in science, just a layman's love of it. My first aknitomical piece was the knitted, dissected frog that we all remember from high school. That has proven to be consistently my most popular item by far."


Awesome Anatomy S


Awesome Anatomy S


IT'S A FREAKING KNITTED DISSECTED EARTHWORM!


OMG sophomore Biology class and the rank smell of formaldehyde are hitting me like a ton of bricks right now.


I may have just fainted from the awesome.


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Awesome Anatomy

What's the greatest put-down in science fiction history? onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com What's the greatest put-down in science fiction history?

What's the greatest put-down in science fiction history?


Science fiction and fantasy require a lot of imagination and cleverness — so it's not surprising there are some epic insults in the genre. But what's the most cunning insult in all of science fiction and fantasy?


Please include a picture, clip or book cover for your chosen insult. And please mention the name of the work, and the actual text of the insult. Thanks!


Top image: "Nerf-herder" from Star Wars: Empire Strikes Back.


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com What's the greatest put-down in science fiction history?

Have we been dramatically underestimating elephant intelligence? onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Have we been dramatically underestimating elephant intelligence?

Have we been dramatically underestimating elephant intelligence? S


We've long known that elephants are intelligent animals, who remember migration routes for decades and appear to mourn their dead. But a new study suggests we may have been underestimating them — because our methods of testing intelligence in animals are biased.


In a fascinating National Geographic article, Karl Gruber describes new intelligence experiments on elephants that reveal the animals may be a lot more smell-oriented than we realized. Elephants use their noses the same way we use our hands, and their trunks are for sensing the world with touch as well as lifting things up to examine them. As a result, smell is as crucial to elephants as touch is to humans.


But few scientific studies have ever used smell as a way of testing elephant intelligence. Until now.


Writes Gruber:



In the study, seven Asian elephants first had to choose between two buckets that were potential sources of food (one bucket had food and one didn't), a standard "location test" of animal smarts in monkeys, birds, dogs, and other creatures.


The elephants were cued with a sound, the shaking of a closed bucket to reveal whether it contained sunflower seeds. In this first test, the elephants' odds of picking the full bucket were no better than chance.


In the second part of the study, however, the elephants were allowed to smell one of two buckets, either an empty one or one that smelled of food. The elephants had to choose between the bucket they had smelled and a new, mystery bucket. Elephants that were first exposed to an empty bucket always rejected this bucket and selected the "mystery" bucket instead.


This suggests that elephants are using smell as part of their decision-making process. They remember that the first bucket did not smell of food and choose the other option.



In other words, when elephants had a smell cue, it allowed them to make more intelligent decisions than they did without it. These giant animals may be a lot smarter than we realize, and we just couldn't perceive it because we tested their IQs the same way we'd test human IQ.


Emory University primatologist Frans de Waal told Gruber:



For too long, we have tested all sorts of animals on stimuli that we, humans, find most salient. We thus stack the deck against animals that differ from ourselves, and sometimes conclude from negative results that they are dumber than us.



Read the whole article at National Geographic


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Have we been dramatically underestimating elephant intelligence?

​You've just crossed over into the return of The Twilight Zone onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com ​You've just crossed over into the return of The Twilight Zone

​You've just crossed over into the return of The Twilight Zone


J. Michael Straczynski's first full-time job writing in TV was on the 1980s Twilight Zone reboot. Now his newest comic job is writing the Twilight Zone comic reboot. Wacky! Plus, dead kids solving crimes, a very unique vampire hunter and the Defenders of the Earth go steampunk in the last comics of 2013!




New Issues


Dark Horse:



  • The Star Wars #0: Behind the scenes and the designs of Dark Horse's adaptation of George Lucas' vastly different first draft of Star Wars.

  • Baltimore: Chapel of Bones #1: Mike Mignola's Baltimore finally squares off against the man that destroyed his life.

  • Bad Blood #1: A man discovers is blood is poison to vampires, and uses his gift to become a vampire hunter.

  • Other releases: Catalyst Comix #7, Grindhouse: Doors Open at Midnight #4, Juice Squeezers #1, The Occultist #4, Terminator Salvation: The Final Battle #2, The True Lives of the Fabulous Killjoys #6, Victories #8.


DC:

  • Dead Boy Detectives #1: The undead lads of Sandman return to St. Hilarion's private school to protect a young girl and perhaps even solve their own murders.

  • Forever Evil: Argus #3: Wonder Woman's lasso may be the key to the Justice League's return, but Cheetah has it.

  • The Flash #26: The Flash tries to figure out how to catch a criminal in a plane.

  • Other releases: Adventures of Superman #8, All Star Western #26, Aquaman #26, Batman: The Dark Knight #26, Batwoman #26, Beware the Batman #3, Catwoman #26, Damian: Son of Batman #3, Fables #136, The Green Team: Teen Trillionaires #9, Injustice: Gods Among Us #12, Justice League Dark #26, Larfleeze #6, Red Lanterns #26, Superman Unchained #5, Talon #14, Teen Titans #26, Tom Strong and the Planet of Peril #6.


IDW:

  • GI Joe #12: The Baroness reveals the secret history of COBRA and its many commanders.

  • Other releases: Deadworld: Restoration #2, Judge Dredd Classics #7, Sinister Dexter #2, Thunder Agents #5.


Image:

  • Sin Boldly: Dawn's Joseph Michael Lisner returns for two tales about very bad girls.

  • Other releases: Artifacts #12, Clone #13, Manhattan Projects #17, Rocket Girl #3, Todd The Ugliest Kid on Earth #8.


Marvel:

  • Guardians of the Galaxy #10: Gamora and Angela spend some quality time together by hunting bad guys.

  • Other releases: New Avengers #13.1, Savage Wolverine #13, The Superior Foes of Spider-Man #7.


​You've just crossed over into the return of The Twilight Zone S


Other:



  • Legenderry: A Steampunk Adventure #1: Vampirella, the Green Hornet, The Phantom and Flash Gordon all meet in this new "elseworlds" story written by Fables' Bill Willingham.

  • The Twilight Zone #1: A Wall Street investor who destroyed the economy uses his wealth to get a new life, but the mysterious company who helps him disappear may want more than his money.

  • Revelations #1: A London detective must battle conspiracy and corruption to investigate the murder of a prominent priest in Rome.

  • Other releases: Atomic Robo: Savage Sword of Dr. Dinosaur #4, Death Sentence #4, Executive Assistant Assassins #17, Grimm Fairy Tales #92, Grimm Fairy Tales: Oz #5, Grimm Fairy Tales: Quest #2, Hawken: Melee #3, Honey West and T.H.E. Cat #2, Jennifer Blood #34, Knights of the Dinner Table #204, Lil' Ernie #1, Mercy Sparx #3, Soulfire #2, Tarot: Witch of the Black Rose #83, Vampirella: Southern Gothic #4.




Trade Paperbacks and Hardcovers


Dark Horse:



  • Pariah: A group of living superweapons are branded terrorists and marooned on a satellite; now they must work together to return home.

  • Other releases: Star Wars Omnibus: Dark Times Vol. 1.


DC:

  • Batman/Judge Dredd: The protectors of Gotham City and Mega-City One fight alien gladiators, Batman's rogues gallery, and each other.

  • Other releases: Batman: Arkham Unhinged Vols. 2-3, Hellblazer Vol. 7: Tainted Love, Superboy Vol. 3: Lost, Superman: The Man of Steel Vol. 8.


​You've just crossed over into the return of The Twilight Zone S


IDW:



  • Doctor Who: Prisoners of Time: Eleven incarnations of the Doctor, but one epic adventure.

  • My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic Vol. 3: " The secret history of Shining Armor and Princess Cadence's love!"

  • Other releases: Doctor Who Vol. 3: Dead Man's Hand, Judge Dredd Vol. 3, Star Trek: Where No Man Has Gone Before, TMNT Animated Vol. 3, Transformers: Regeneration One Vol. 3, Zombies Vs. Robots: This Means War.


Marvel:

  • Avengers AI Vol. 1: Human After All: Hank Pym leads a group of the Marvel universe's most heroic robots to save the future.

  • Other releases: West Coast Avengers: Sins of the Past, Deadpool by Joe Kelly Omnibus, Iron Man: Extremis Novel, New Avengers Vol. 2: Infinity.


Other:

  • ABC Warriors Return to Earth, Antares Vol. 4: Episode 4, Celebrated Summer, Crusade Vol. 3: Master of Machines, District 14: Season 2, Doctor Who: Chains of Olympus, Doctor Who: Hunter of the Burning Stone, Fifth Essence Part 2: Planet Difool, Graphic Canon Vols. 1-3 Box Set, Lady S Vol. 2, Largo Winch Vols. 10-11, The Lone Ranger Chronicles, Lucky Luke Vol. 41: Daily Star, Samson the Nazirite, Shadowman Vol. 3: Deadside Blues, The Pack, Thorgal Vol. 14: Giants, X-O Manowar Vol. 4: Homecoming.




As usual, here's the list of everything being released to comic stores tomorrow, and you can find your nearest comic retailer here.


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com ​You've just crossed over into the return of The Twilight Zone

The Unresolved Gaming Mysteries of 2013 onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com The Unresolved Gaming Mysteries of 2013

The Unresolved Gaming Mysteries of 2013


In 2013, next-gen consoles — previously the dominant fodder of the rumor mill — were announced and released. Many next-gen rumors turned out to be true — unpopular and confusing DRM policies were announced and reversed, launch titles were delayed, game resolutions differed. Yet these next-gen matters were not the only prominent rumors of the year.


The Existence of Fallout 4


What is perhaps the last explosive rumor of the year — and the one that most immediately comes to mind — appeared on this very site. A Kotaku reader sent Jason a wealth of casting documents for "a casting call for a project code-named Institute." While not mentioning Fallout directly, the casting documents contained references to existing series lore — such as the Institute and the Commonwealth — and casting call scripts contained the series famed opening line "War. War never changes." More intriguingly, the documents pinpointed Boston as the setting for Bethesda's next post-apocalyptic RPG. This was not the first hint of a Boston-set Fallout: early last year, somewhat specious rumors of Bethesda employees scouting MIT circulated on Reddit. For Fallout fans, the leaked documents marked some good news after a much-discussed fake ARG.


Amazon's Gaming Console?


In August, Game Informer reported that Amazon — the company that sells Kindles, spindles and, well, everything — was preparing to release an Android-based console with a dedicated controller in time for the holiday season. Job postings from earlier in the year hinted at increased gaming ambitions and Amazon had been poaching all sorts of major talent — particularly developers from Microsoft — for months, but a dedicated gaming device seemed like a niche proposal for the company.


The day after Game Informer's report, TechCrunch published a story claiming the rumored game console was actually one part of a general AppleTV-esque set-top box in development at Lab126, Amazon's Silicon Valley-based hardware R&D lab. Sources told TechCrunch the Amazon box would be powered by the latest Qualcomm Snapdragon processor, putting it potentially in the ballpark of an Xbox 360 performance-wise.


A month later, Gamasutra reported that Amazon was attempting to court American game developers to develop for the device. According to the site, Amazon didn't explicitly discuss a device, but rather, the company suggested to developers "that it would be a very good idea to add gamepad support to their games."


Ultimately, the Amazon device was neither announced nor released this year. The Verge reported in late October that Amazon decided to delay its set-top box device, and claimed the set-top box's Android OS shared much code with the forked Android operating system found in Amazon's Kindle Fire tablets. Maybe we'll hear something about it in the new year.


Grand Theft Auto V on PC?


Several weeks after the open-world sequel's record-breaking release, sources told Eurogamer Rockstar was planning on launching a PC version of their blockbuster title in the first quarter of 2014, ostensibly mirroring the launch pattern for the Grand Theft Auto IV. Though, as Jason pointed out, there were eight months separating the console and PC releases of the last GTA, and September to Q1 2014 is four to six months, not quite exactly mirroring the last game.


Eurogamer's report came after a quickly removed job posting for Rockstar Leeds indicating the studio was working on an unnamed Rockstar game, as well as assets in the iFruit companion app suggesting a PC SKU.


Rockstar hasn't explicitly said GTA V is hitting PCs, but all of the past titles in the franchise have arrived on computers, so it seems logical to assume non-console gamers will be able to enjoy the game sometime soon.


Grand Theft Auto Voice Actors Teaming Up For Something


According to an IGN report, Shawn Fonteno — voice of Franklin in the latest GTA — said at October's New York Comic-Con he was teaming up with Young Maylay, the actor who voiced Carl Johnson in San Andreas, for a project. When asked by moderator Greg Miller about what such a project may be, Fonteno quickly became evasive and "changed the subject." Fonteno's coyness led many to wonder if this might be some sort of GTA V DLC in which the two characters meet.


We'll see whether that is the case soon: Rockstar recent said "substantial additions" for GTA V's single-player mode are planned for 2014.


Sonic Racing Studio Handling Next LittleBigPlanet?


In February, multiple sources told VG247 Sumo Digital — developer of last year's well-received Sonic & All-Stars Racing Transformed — was working on LittleBigPlanet 3. Fans discovered a Sumo contractor listing the game on their CV several months later.


Sony's almost certainly keen to continue their most prominent family-friendly franchise for the moment, and Media Molecule is busy with some silly dream sculpting rock fantasy Move thing for PS4, so it would hardly be a surprise if another studio were handling the next entry in the creative platforming series.


Sega Working On Alien: Isolation?


Several months ago, a source told Kotaku details of the 2014 game Alien: Isolation, Sega's next Alien game after the boondoggle that was Aliens Colonial Marines. A cross-generation first-person shooter in development at Total War studio Creative Assembly, the game places players in the shoes of Ellen Ripley's daughter, Amanda Ripley, who, in line with the original film, "[spends] most if not all of the game on a single space station" dealing with a single alien. According to the source, Alien: Isolation "uses both stealth and horror elements" and is "inspired by games like Dishonored and Bioshock."


Sega is apparently set on avoiding a repeat of Colonial Marines — and has already delayed Alien: Isolation's announcement, which was initially set for this past E3. The gap between announcement and release on Alien: Isolation will certainly be far shorter than the nearly five years between the Colonial Marines announcement and release.


Earlier this month, possible screenshots of the game leaked that seem reminiscent of indie horror sci-fi title Routine, a game likely channeling many of the game influences as Creative Assembly's title. Though undoubtedly, Sega's game have a much larger budget, and footage will probably reflect it.


The Death of Dead Space?


In March, VideoGamer published a story claiming Dead Space 4 — which the site said was being prototyped at Visceral Montreal prior to the studio's closure — was cancelled and the series future was in doubt following disappointing sales of Dead Space 3. Unsurprisingly, developers took to the internet to deny the story.


In an unusual move, EA COO Peter Moore wrote in the comments of GameIndustry.biz, where he accused VideoGamer of fabricating the story to generate clicks and advertising revenue. VideoGamer, however, stood behind their story and said they would not have ran the story if they weren't certain of the source.


Why would the COO of EA take the unusual move of forcefully denying the story in an internet comment section? Dead Space was a marquee brand for EA and a PR denial or non-response for lower than expected sales ostensibly could adversely affect the company's stock price.


That said, EA admitted in a May conference call that Dead Space 3 sold below expectations despite topping the NPD charts for February. And EA's Patrick Söderlund told Eurogamer in June there were no plans for another Dead Space title, but another one could maybe happen one day.


But EA's May announcement of securing the Star Wars game rights was almost certainly a nail in the coffin of Dead Space, as Star Wars is a far more popular franchise with much broader recognition. So much for the plans to turn Dead Space into a space Uncharted-type action-adventure franchise with FPS games and flight sims as well.


As to what space adventures Visceral Games is currently working on, they are possibly developing an open-world Star Wars game.


The Continued Mysteries of Valve


Slowly but surely, Valve has turned into the gaming industry's most notoriously secretive company, but this year we saw some hints at what might be happening at Gabe Newell's quasi-anarchic factory.


In June, the eagled-eyed Valve obsessives at ValveTime managed to get access to apparent data of email group listings in Jira, the project management software Valve uses, containing both current and former groups. The data revealed numerous "Left 4 Dead 3" groups, and the Left 4 Dead 3 lists contain "around 68 people," according to ValveTime's sources. Additionally, ValveTime claimed a Half-Life 3 group contained 42 people as of June. ValveTime also noted names for groups with various designers that sounded like unannounced titles — "Cries Unheard" and "Microbe Wars."


In an update to their story, ValveTime later posted what it claims is a list of all 791 Valve email groups as of June. Given that we only have names, it is unclear for the most part what, but I think I can decipher some things of interest. There are six Left 4 Dead 3 groups: "L4D3," "L4D3 Audio," "L4D3 Developers," "left4dead3_assertions," "left4dead3_contentassertions" and "Left4dead3_minidumps." The list also features two "Microbe Wars" groups — a titular one and "Microbe Wars Core." Presumably referring to a core team beyond Valve's infamously amorphous project groups, the "Core" name appears numerous times in the list, including: "Apps Core," "Controller Core," "Hardware Core," "RetroCore," "SteamMMO Core" and "Vortex Core."


Many of those projects with "Core" groups we know well — Steam's application offerings, the Steam Machines and its controller, but the other three are more mysterious. SteamMMO is presumably an effort to integrate support for massively multiplayer games within Steam. Vortex, which has two other lists ("Vortex" and "Vortex Programmers"), was namedropped by Gabe Newell during a podcast last year, and is apparently shepherded by Michael Abrash, who is working on things like wearable computing. Little is known as to what RetroCore might be, but the name is adjacent to "Retrovirus" on the list.


Further indication of more zombie action ahead from Valve came from a photo from an August Dota 2 fan tour of a Valve change log showed several items containing "L4D3" and "Source2." Sources told Rock Paper Shotgun the photo was authentic.


A few months later, in early October, ValveTime once again reportedly accessed JIRA data, which the site claims showed an increase in the size of the Half-Life 3, Left 4 Dead 3 and Source 2 groups. Additionally, a new "Half-Life 3 Core" appeared in the database. The site also posted a purported list of developers on the projects that suggest two prominent newer Valve developers — Doug Church and Clint Hocking — are now working on Left 4 Dead 3. It is worth noting, however, that most of the developers attached to Half-Life 3 appear on the longer dev list for Left 4 Dead 3, which seems to be further along by sheer headcount.


A League of Legends Card Game?


A purported hack of the Twitter account of Riot Games' president and cofounder Marc Merrill revealed images from a project called League of Legends: Supremacy, a card game the hacker claims was "fully completed, but never released." The hacker posted various since-removed images from the game that depicted a fairly standard computer card game. However, following the hack, Merrill tweeted that Supremacy was an experimental project, not necessarily intended for release. Though it is worth mentioning that Riot previously registered trademarks and web domains with the "Supremacy" name.


The Ever-Expanding Universe of Assassin's Creed


Spoilers ahead


A weird meta in-game email thread from the latest Assassin's Creed game may potentially tease the future of the franchise. Developers from Ubisoft Montreal's in-game counterpart Abstergo Entertainment discuss what settings to explore in future games, including previously unexplored settings: 16th century Ottoman Empire, New England and the American Midwest of the 19th century, the French Revolution, 13th century Egypt and Northern Africa, the Summer of Love and Ashikaga shogunate.


Some of these listed events had accompanying art in the email thread. Most of that art was either famous paintings or previously published Assassin's Creed universe art, but the final piece of art, depicting a warrior against the Egyptian pyramids, appeared to be from a separate project entirely. The character in the art looked exactly like the lead character from the cancelled Egypt-set Ubisoft Montreal project Osiris, which led me to wonder if Ubisoft might be repurposing the concept into an Assassin's Creed title. The Assassin's Creed franchise has swallowed up unrelated Ubisoft projects before: Ubisoft Massive's "Desmond Journey" puzzle sequences from Assassin's Creed: Revelations was initially a small and original puzzle game project.


A Ubisoft survey from earlier this month Stephen took interestingly asked about whether players would be interested in a spinoff pirate game unattached to the Assassin's Creed franchise, suggesting Ubisoft might be considering a pirate game franchise. Ubisoft also asked players to rank a list of elements players might like to see in a pirate game, options like multiplayer combat, in-game activities, and customization of one's character/ship/hideout. At the end of the survey, Ubisoft quizzed about whether players would be interested in buying a new Red Dead Redemption or Uncharted game, presumably gauging their interest in something similar to those games.


superannuation is a self-described "internet extraordinaire" residing somewhere in the Pacific Time Zone. He tweets, and can be reached at heyheymayday AT gmail DOT com. Everything in his bi-weekly Kotaku columns is lying in plain sight online and linked for you to investigate yourself.


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onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com The Unresolved Gaming Mysteries of 2013

A Startling Image That Shows Why Space Junk is a Nightmare onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com A Startling Image That Shows Why Space Junk is a Nightmare

A Startling Image That Shows Why Space Junk is a Nightmare S


If you saw the movie Gravity, then you know that space debris can be deadly. Some scientists warn that the crud in Earth's orbit may have reached a dangerous "tipping point." But to prove the point, here's an image from artist Michael Najjar that shows every single piece of real-life junk in our orbit.


The above artwork is called simply "Space Debris I," and Najjar describes it thusly:



"space debris I" visualizes the collection of defunct objects now in orbit around the earth which includes everything from spent rocket stages and old satellites to fragments from disintegration, erosion, and collisions. There are now about 600,000 objects larger than 1 cm in orbit circulating at a speed of approximately 28,000 km an hour and posing a serious threat to satellites, space stations and operational spaceflights.


Drawn from a data archive, each spherule in the picture represents a real object orbiting in space. The visualization was realized in collaboration with the Institute of Aerospace Systems – TU Braunschweig Germany, the world's leading authority on the tracking of space debris.



That's a lot of crud. [via Michael Najjar]


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com A Startling Image That Shows Why Space Junk is a Nightmare

NASA snaps a pic of China's Yutu Rover from 93 miles overhead onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com NASA snaps a pic of China's Yutu Rover from 93 miles overhead

NASA snaps a pic of China's Yutu Rover from 93 miles overhead


China's Yutu rover has been spotted by NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera (LRO). The 60-inch wide robot can be seen as a pair of white pixels just east of a 1,500 (450 m) foot impact crater. Thanks to the image, we now know Yutu's exact location.


Chang'e 3 landed on Mare Imbrium (Sea of Rains) on December 14 — a time when the LRO was not in a position to grab an image.


NASA snaps a pic of China's Yutu Rover from 93 miles overhead


Ten days later on December 24, it approached the landing site and took a series of shots. The best pic came on December 25th when the satellite was directly above.


NASA snaps a pic of China's Yutu Rover from 93 miles overhead S


NASA tells us more:



The rover is only about 150 cm wide, yet it shows up in the NAC images for two reasons: the solar panels are very effective at reflecting light so the rover shows up as two bright pixels, and the Sun is setting thus the rover casts a distinct shadow (as does the lander). Since the rover is close to the size of a pixel, how can we be sure we are seeing the rover and not a comparably sized boulder? Fortuitously, the NAC acquired a "before" image (M1127248516R) of the landing site, with nearly identical lighting, on 30 June 2013. By comparing the before and after landing site images, the LROC team confirmed the position of the lander and rover, and derived accurate map coordinates for the lander (44.1214°N, 340.4884°E, -2640 meters elevation).



Yutu landed about 200 feet (60 meters) from an impact crater on a thick deposit of volcanic materials.


NASA snaps a pic of China's Yutu Rover from 93 miles overhead S


A large scale wrinkle ridge can be seen cutting across the area. It formed as tectonic stress caused the volcanic layers to buckle and break along faults.


All images: NASA/IROC.


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com NASA snaps a pic of China's Yutu Rover from 93 miles overhead

It's time for the sparkly rainbow version of Game of Thrones onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com It's time for the sparkly rainbow version of Game of Thrones

It's time for the sparkly rainbow version of Game of Thrones


What if the famous Trapper Keeper artist Lisa Frank was living in Westros, designing all the house sigils? You'd be dying at the end of a glitter sword, and slain by pink dragon fire.


Artist ArterialMotive has posted these awesome Lisa Frank sigils over on Tumblr. You should check out more of ArterialMotive's work there!


(h/t The Mary Sue, of course)


It's time for the sparkly rainbow version of Game of Thrones


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com It's time for the sparkly rainbow version of Game of Thrones

Advanced Imaging Reveals a Computer 1,500 Years Ahead of Its Time onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Advanced Imaging Reveals a Computer 1,500 Years Ahead of Its Time

Advanced Imaging Reveals a Computer 1,500 Years Ahead of Its Time S


X-rays and advanced photography have uncovered the true complexity of the mysterious Antikythera mechanism, a device so astonishing that its discovery is like finding a functional Buick in medieval Europe.


In 1900, some divers found the wreck of a Roman vessel off the Greek island of Antikythera. Among the other treasures remanded to the Greek government was an unassuming corroded lump. Some time later, the lump fell apart, revealing a damaged machine of unknown purpose, with some large gears and many smaller cogs, plus a few engraved words in Greek. Early studies suggested it was some type of astronomical time-keeping device – researcher Derek J. de Solla Price laid the groundwork by establishing initial tooth counts and suggesting that the device followed the Metonic cycle, a 235-month pattern commonly used to predict eclipses in the ancient world.


Advanced Imaging Reveals a Computer 1,500 Years Ahead of Its Time S


The full function and beauty of the Antikythera device remained hidden until recent studies subjected it to more advanced imaging techniques. First, it was photographed using a technique that exposed the surfaces to varying lighting patterns. This created different levels of contrast that allowed the researchers to read far more of the inscribed Greek text than was previously possible. Then, x-ray imaging was used to create full 3-D computer models of the mechanism, which revealed for the first time some of the more complex and detailed gear interactions. The Greek National Archaeological Museum's discovery of some boxes filled with 82 additional mechanism fragments added new information as well.


The findings, published in Nature, are probably best described as "mind blowing." Devices with this level of complexity were not seen again for almost 1,500 years, and the Antikythera mechanism's compactness actually bests the later designs. Probably built around 150 B.C., the Antikythera mechanism can perform a number of functions just by turning a crank on the side.


Using nothing but an ingenious system of gears, the mechanism could be used to predict the month, day and hour of an eclipse, and even accounted for leap years. It could also predict the positions of the sun and moon against the zodiac, and has a gear train that turns a black and white stone to show the moon's phase on a given date. It is possible that it could also show the astronomical positions of the planets known to the ancients: Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.


Advanced Imaging Reveals a Computer 1,500 Years Ahead of Its Time S


The Antikythera mechanism wasn't just a scientific tool – it also had a social purpose. The Greeks held major athletic competitions (such as the Olympics) every two or four years. A small dial within the Metonic dial showed the dates of these important events.


The true genius of the mechanism goes beyond even the complex calculations and craftsmanship of a mechanical calendar. For example, the ancients didn't know that the moon has an elliptical orbit, so they didn't know why it sometimes slowed or sped up as it moved through the zodiac. The mechanism's creator used epicyclic gears, also known as planetary gears, with a "pin-and-slot" mechanism that mimicked this apparent shifting in the moon's movement. This use of epicyclic gears is far ahead of what anyone suspected ancient technology was capable of. Scientific American has a two-part video about the mechanism and the imaging techniques used in the research.


Advanced Imaging Reveals a Computer 1,500 Years Ahead of Its Time S


The mystery of who built the Antikythera mechanism remains. It has been linked to renowned ancient inventor Archimedes by the writings of Cicero, but this particular device was built after Archimedes' death. Still, the engraved words revealed by the new photos pinpoint the device's origin to Corinth, or possibly Corinthian colonies. Sicily was such a colony, and the Sicilian city of Syracuse was Archimedes' headquarters. The researchers theorize that the Antikythera mechanism is based on an Archimedian design, and might even have been built by a workshop carrying on his technological tradition. But if the design has been "industrialized" in such a way, why have we never found another one like it? Mysteries remain.


The complexity of the mechanism shows that ancient humans were capable of intellectual and engineering feats that boggle our modern minds (and it puts the lie to all those "ancient astronaut" theories). The upheavals of war and natural disasters over 2,000 years have probably caused us to lose many more works and wonders that will never be found.


Read the full scientific article in Nature; or find out more in Decoding an Ancient Computer: Greek Technology Tracked the Heavens, at Scientific American.


This io9 Flashback originally appeared on io9 in 2010.


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com Advanced Imaging Reveals a Computer 1,500 Years Ahead of Its Time

​10 Characters Who Should Have Stayed Dead onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com

onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com ​10 Characters Who Should Have Stayed Dead

​10 Characters Who Should Have Stayed Dead S


We all know death is a revolving door in pop culture, and nowhere more so than in science fiction, fantasy and comics. But there are a few resurrections that feel especially cheap, and which cheapen the characters who had previously died with great fanfare. Here are 10 characters who should have stayed dead.


This list could have been entirely comic-book characters, especially superheroes. But we tried to branch out a bit. Please share your least favorite resurrection with us below.


​10 Characters Who Should Have Stayed Dead S




10) Sylar


This list is mostly "good guys," because it's a villain's job to keep coming back from the dead. But Sylar's death at the end of Heroes season one would have put the capstone on the show's first year and showed that these guys really were, well, "heroes" — they'd prevented the terrible future where Sylar became an immortal, psychotic POTUS. After that, the show never knew what to do with Sylar, and this was the first sign that the storytelling was becoming aimless. Sylar could have come back from the dead in season four and made an impact, but in season two his return felt unnecessary.


​10 Characters Who Should Have Stayed Dead


9) Aunt May


In Amazing Spider-Man #400, Aunt May finally reveals that she always knew the truth about her nephew: that he was Spider-Man all along. It's an incredibly moving issue, in which she finally shows pride in her nephew's heroism, and dies surrounded by people who love her. And then... it's revealed that "Aunt May" was actually a "genetically modified actress" sent by Norman Osborn to pretend to die, and the real Aunt May is still alive. Thus robbing Peter Parker of an important moment of character growth and development. Well, at least it's not like they retconned his marriage or anything. Oh... wait.


​10 Characters Who Should Have Stayed Dead S


8) Barry Allen


Barry Allen was the original Flash, who dies heroically saving the universe in Crisis on Infinite Earths. But in the case of Barry Allen, it's not just that his heroic death gets reversed when he's brought back — it's also that his former sidekick, Wally West, gets kind of cheapened. (Not to mention the unfortunate mistreatment of Wally's own sidekick, Bart Allen.) The growth of Wally West from chump to savior is one of the great arcs in comics, running throughout the Flash comics of the late 1980s and 1990s — and bringing Wally's mentor back pretty much derails that arc.


​10 Characters Who Should Have Stayed Dead


7) Elektra


Back when Frank Miller could do no wrong, he created a Greek-American ninja assassin named Elektra, who was a match for Daredevil both as a fighter and as a lover. The original issues of Miller's Elektra saga are breathtaking and ground-breaking, and part of what makes them so powerful is that Elektra finally dies at the hands of another assassin, Bullseye. Elektra eventually comes back from the dead and becomes one of the stock "sexy badass" characters who fills out crowd scenes or something. Even Peter Milligan, in the 1990s, couldn't make an Elektra solo comic interesting.


​10 Characters Who Should Have Stayed Dead S


6) Jason Todd


It's easy to mock the manner of Jason Todd's return — he comes back from the dead after Superboy Prime punches the walls of reality. But what gets lost in the consideration of that particular bit of idiocy is the way Jason Todd's return reduces Batman, his former mentor. Since the "Death in the Family" storyline, Batman's failure to save the second Robin has been one of his defining traumas, and it's helped show that there are still high stakes in Batman's world. Having Jason running around as the Red Hood, fulfilling more or less the same "vigilante who kills" role as Huntress, shows Batman that he doesn't need to worry so much. It's all good, Bats. No harm, no foul.


​10 Characters Who Should Have Stayed Dead S


5) Anakin Skywalker


Granted, Anakin only "comes back" at the end of Return of the Jedi, for a few brief moments by the fire. (Although who wants to bet that he'll be floating around during Episode VII, dishing out bits of Jedi wisdom?) But holy cow, does Anakin's Force-ghost resurrection not make sense. Even if you leave aside the notion that Obi-Wan knew a secret of coming back from death which Darth Vader did not — as established in the first movie — there's just the question of whether one act (killing the Emperor) earns Darth Vader the right to go to Jedi Heaven, after he helped wipe out Alderaan and murder all those Jedi younglings and stuff.


​10 Characters Who Should Have Stayed Dead S


4) Steve Rogers


As with Barry Allen, Captain America was replaced by his former sidekick after his untimely death. Steve Rogers' death at the hands of Sharon Carter not only provides some dramatic weight to the Civil War storyline, it's a fittingly dark end to an American hero — gunned down on the steps of a courthouse. Cap does come back, and for a while he just sort of hangs around while Bucky is the new Cap. We were enjoying seeing Bucky take on the mantle, while everybody else deals with the permanent loss of one of their own.


​10 Characters Who Should Have Stayed Dead S


3) Ellen Ripley


Ripley's return in the fourth Alien movie hits all the buttons: It fatally cheapens her self-sacrifice in the third movie. It also takes away everything that made her character special, turning her into a superhuman who has alien-endowed superstrength and stuff. And it prevents the series from moving forward after her death. By all accounts, the early scripts for Alien Resurrection centered around Newt, the kid from the second movie — until the studio insisted Ripley had to come back, no matter how silly the method of her return.


​10 Characters Who Should Have Stayed Dead


2) Starbuck


Unlike a lot of the other characters on this list, Starbuck's death was also kind of pointless — she suddenly goes nuts and crashes her ship while chasing a phantom Cylon. But if her death is kind of random, then her return from the dead is even more so — she just pops up at the end of season three, more to provide a shocking reveal than for any other reason. What follows is a season of Starbuck being kind of a basket case, while trying to get to the bottom of her spiritual, supernatural intuitions which turn out to be embedded in a piece of music from her piano-playing dad. Urk.


​10 Characters Who Should Have Stayed Dead S


1) Spock


Who else were we going to put at the top of this list? Nicholas Meyer gave Spock a great death in Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan — a scene that still gives us goosebumps. And when Meyer heard they wanted to bring back Spock, he refused to return for the next film. Star Trek III brings back Spock in the clunkiest possible fashion, and even though Spock got some great moments in the films that followed and Star Trek: The Next Generation, his return from the dead remains the gold standard for pointlessness and devaluation.


Thanks to Whitson Gordon for the story idea and the input!


onlinecollegedegreee.blogspot.com ​10 Characters Who Should Have Stayed Dead